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Reconstruction (includes Bone & Biomaterials and Soft Tissue)

(60) Biocompatibility and Efficiency of Absorbable Metal Mini-plates and Screws PEO-treated Magnesium Alloy in the Zygoma Arch Fracture Model of Beagles

Thursday, September 21, 2023
1:30 PM – 3:00 PM PDT

    Presenting Author(s)

  • MK

    Min Jae Kim

    Resident
    Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center
    Songpa-gu, Seoul-t'ukpyolsi, Republic of Korea

Disclosure(s):
Min Jae Kim: No financial relationships to disclose
Abstract: A biodegradable magnesium alloy system has been developed as substitute for conventional plates and screws systems made of titanium or absorbable polymer. Therefore, in order to take advantages of both materials, our magnesium alloy mini-plate and screws have been developed. In the study, human standard-sized degradable magnesium devices were evaluated by using the zygoma fracture model of beagles. Device degradation, fracture healing, and new bone formation were assessed.

In this study, both zygomatic arches were fractured, and fracture sites were fixated in 18 beagle dogs. Mini-plates and screws with absorbable Mg alloy (Mg group) or conventional absorbable polymer (Polymer group) or PEO (plasma electrolytic oxidation) coated Mg alloy (PEO group) were used. Micro CT, Live-CT, normal x-ray images were performed 12times (immediate after op., 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 21, 26, 32, 40, 48, 52 weeks postoperatively). Bone and tissue volumes were calculated using CT analyzing software. The bone union rate of fracture gap, BIC(bone to implant contact), hydrogen gas generation, histological features were also evaluated after sacrifice.

As a result, although all dogs underwent a normal healing process, PEO coated biodegradable magnesium plates used in this study were found to have a positive result in histological and pre-clinical evaluation after 52 weeks of CT and after sacrifice. The PEO group’s plates and screws were found to have higher bone union rate than the polymer and Mg alloy group. The PEO group had good stability since the PEO group had a higher BIC than the Mg alloy group, and the Polymer group was biodegraded and left with empty space. On histological evaluation, in the Polymer group, inflammatory cells were remarkably observed around the plates and screws, but not in the PEO group.

In conclusion, the biodegradable magnesium mini-plates and screws used in this study were found to be feasible in histological and radiological evaluation during 52 weeks. This novel system could be a promising substitute for internal fixation system of fracture in CMF area. Based on these results, additional long-term animal study and clinical study are needed.

Reference:
1. KIM, Seong Ryoung, et al. Biocompatibility evaluation of peo-treated magnesium alloy implants placed in rabbit femur condyle notches and paravertebral muscles. Biomaterials Research, 2022, 26.1:1-19.
2. KIM, Byung Jun, et al. Biocompatibility and efficiency of biodegradable magnesium-based plates and screws in the facial fracture model of beagles. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2018, 76.5: 1055. e1-1055. e9